African Independence

Africa had changed a lot in 20 years period from 1955 to 1975 because they decided to gave up colonial ruling and wanted to form their own government and indenpendent countries but it wasn't easy for them to do this because during that time Europe had to imperialized Africa and they wanted to take most of Africa resources because they had a lot of products that the European countries wanted to industrilize.

Africa was rule by the European countries and the British had most power over Africa. They went there to find raw materials to make and produce product to other countries. Later in the years, Africa didn't like the idea of having European countries to rule their people because they didn't have equal right as the white. During that time the white held most power in Africa and the black and the mix people didn't have equal right as the white. The white take control of most of the wealth in africa. However later in the years, many African countries gain independence and were able to develop their own government and socities. Some of these countries didn't gain their independence easily especially Ghana which was the first country in Africa to gain independence. Ghana was also known as the Gold Coast. A strong leader named Kwame Nkrumah help to gain their independence for they country, he was similar to Mohandas Gandhi who develop a movement, the lead of non-violent protests. After he gain independence for Africa, he try to industrize and produce product and he was successful at doing this.He aslo improve the way of living and build roads and also proved a better education system for his people.
Not only Ghana had struggle to gain independence but other countries and one of them was Kenya. Kenya was under the Mau Mau and the Jomo Kenyatta which was a secret organization which also practiced non- violent protest. The were able to gain their independence and soon Jomo became the president of the nation.

Neolithic Revolution

The Neolithic Revolution was the beginning of human lives years ago. It was also known as the "New Stone Age". The Neolithic Revolution was a changed in the way people lived, it shifts from hunting and gathering to agriculture which then led to permanent settlements. It was all about how people were able to developed things from one stage to another. These people were called nomads and nomads are people who travel from one place to another to find food, water, clothes and place to live. Nomads live in groups of 20 to 30 and they spend most of their times hunting and gathering things to live on. Women usually gather fruits and other stuff while men hunt for animals. They developed simple tools such as spears and axes made from bone, wood and stone. These tools help them to hunt and kill animals easier. However as the years go by, people started to get civilized and were able to develop more things in the community which helps them to have better lives. It was a rise of civilization and this became a turning point in history. However later people began to settle down and domesticate certain animals and grow crops. Soon they had changed from cave man to farmers. As they started to farm and domesticate animals they were able to produce more and food and soon their population began to grew. As the population grew and gets bigger people were soon able to formed cities and as cities were formed they decided to have a head leader and allow it to run by Elders in the villages. Most villages had chief elder as a single leader. They then developed a social class and it was divided occurring to how people work, for example priests and warriors were at the top and farmers and craftsmen were at the bottom. They also created a simple calender to keep records of planting and harvesting. They also developed metal tools such as plows to help do their work. And also to protect valuable resources in the village.

However as the years pass by and people got more civilized, they started to develop more advance technologies to go along with the new way of living. They developed more advance tools to help them do the work. As people were producing more and more crops they wanted to have more water, so most of the farmers farm by river valleys because these river valleys had rich soil known as silt which use for farming. There were four important river valleys which are the Nile (Africa), the Tigris Euphrates (Mesopotamia), Yellow ( China) and the Indus. (India) Rivers. These rivers make work easier and faster for farmers and they were able to produce more crops and domesticate animals because they had enough water to use.

The European Union

The European Union is made up of 25 nations and was formed after World War II and began as the economic union. It was formed by six nations in Europe that produce coals and steel, but they were successful and started to produce more things which later joined by other countries. The USSR and the U.S.A were the two superpowers before but after the collapse of USSR in the year 1991, the European Nation then take over and are competing with the U.S. However the European Nation now have political and economic superpower. Before the European Union was formed between these 25 nations they used to use different currency but after they formed as one they share the same currency which is the Euro and was introduced on January 1,2002. The Euro is use more than the U.S dollars and is traded everyday as much as the U.S dollars.

After the European Union was formed, things got much easier than before , people got jobs faster and there weren't much security as before. Now people are able to move around from a country to another without being checked by security as much as before. Its lot easier now for European Nations because before the EU was founded, people had difficult time traveling from a country to another to do business, the reason why was before there was a lot of security and as you enter each country you had to change currency but since the EU, there is only one main currency used which is the Euro. The EU had help business people a lot and make things much easier for them because they were able to live in one country and work in another country, they were also able to buys houses in other places etc. This is similar to the Unites States because its the things that happened here, people from other countries are able to come into America and build and buy places, they are also able to work and move back and forth. The population in EU is also growing larger and there is about 500 millions of citizens which makes it the third largest country in the world after china and India.

Film Lesson "The Right Stuff"

The film "The Right Stuff" was between U.S and the Soviet Union, they were competing with one another to build the best rocket. In this film it shows how Russia and U.S was trying to make better rocket than one another, they both wanted to have the best rocket. Russia was the first to send a rocket in space and when U.S found out about it they wanted to create their own rocket and send it in space. So the U.S decided to build their own rocket, however they wanted to build better rockets than the Soviet Union and rockets that will travel faster. The U.S build a lot of rockets but they fail , most of them went a little in the air but fall back, they didn't work that well. Some of them didn't even move at all. The U.S spent years to build these rockets and they try really hard before they build there first stable rocket and send it in space.

However this movie also shows how the U.S had to find guys that were strong enough to drive these rockets and they had to go through a lot of tests to prove that they were strong and would able to drive it. However the U.S wanted to send the first chimp into space and everyone was angry and disagree about the idea and think it was a stupid thing to send a chimp into space. However the U.S did send a chimp into space while the Soviet union send a man. Later the U.S send their first man into space and they became more advance as the years go by. They were the first that send a man to moon and set America flag on it.

In my opinion, I think the U.S were winning because they later began to build more advance rockets than the Soviet Union, they build rockets that could travel faster and also they were the first to send a man on moon. Some scenes that I remember from this movie were when the U.S started to build rockets and were testing them and most of them just fly a little and then would blow up. I also remember when the U.S were training a chimp to send in space and people were argry because they think it was an crazy idea. Something that was important for me to remember was that The Soviet Union was the first to send a rocket in space then the U.S later did.

Cuban Missile Crisis

In October 1962, the Cuban Missile Crisis was the world’s closest nuclear war. The nuclear missiles were installed by the Soviet just 90 miles off the coast of the United States. The Cuban Missile Crisis is part of the cold war, which also included the NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Nuclear weapons were build by the Warsaw while and they were competing with the NATO after world war II. They were trying to build stronger weapons and mutual defense group to go against one another. The Warsaw were related to Cuban Missile crisis because they both wanted strong nuclear weapons.

However, since the island was attack by the US in the year 1961 and had failed, they were looking to find ways to defense themselves from the US. In the year 1962, the Soviet Union tries to work secretly to build missile installation in Cuba so they can defense themselves from US. In October 15, 1962, when the reconnaissance photographs revealed Soviet missiles under construction in Cuba, and President F. Kennedy was informed about the in missile installations, he then quickly organized the EX-COMM group of advisers which are twelve important people who are able to manage the crisis. He wanted to prevent offensive weapons from the Soviet union and try to build their own strong weapons to use against U.S. On October, Kennedy discover and announced the missile installation and said that any nuclear weapons that launched from Cuba would be an attack on the United States. At this time it was known as the "Hottest moment of the Cold War" because if the U.S could have gotten in a bigger war if the Soviet union didn't remove their missiles. However Niketa Khrushchev send several letters to the Soviet Union and had decided to make an agreement to remove all nuclear weapons from Cuba and he had decided to accept the proposal by the Soviet union.

NATO and The Warsaw Pact

NATO means the North Atlantic Treaty Organization which was formed between 12 countries from North America to Europe. The countries which were involved in the NATO wanted a mutual defense alliance because they knew if one country is going to involved in a war, the other countries in NATO could back up and help, so in this case they can form a stronger defensive group. After World War II many countries in Western Europe were in a great mess and most of them became weak politically and militarily because they lost hundreds of soldiers and weren’t able to go on war with other countries that quickly. So the NATO decided to help these countries who had suffered a lot after World War II to form a strong defensive group against the spread of communist which is also known as the "iron curtain" which is establish between the Soviet Union and the Western Europe from 1945-1990. Soon the relationship between the Soviet Union and the western had worsened and the NATO importance began to grew. By the year 1979 the NATO wanted to build up a defense by stopping the Soviet Union from building their nuclear weapons, but the Soviet Union didn’t stop they continue to build nuclear weapons. They also created a mutual defense alliance which was similar to the NATO but it was called the Warsaw Pact. The Warsaw pact deals mostly with satellites and it controls the alliances better by keeping the military organize in other countries of the alliance. The Soviet Union gain power quickly and became very powerful, they were also able to keep the socialist government secure.